Manılarla Şiir Yazma Sanatı: Mani Şekli, Ölçüsü, Kafiyesi, Anlamı ve Estetiği

Manıler: The Art of Turkish Folk Poetry

If you are interested in learning more about the rich and diverse culture of Turkey, you cannot miss the art of Turkish folk poetry, or manıler. Manıler are short and catchy poems that have been part of the Turkish oral tradition for centuries. They are often used to express feelings, thoughts, wishes, jokes, or criticisms in a clever and humorous way. In this article, we will explore what manıler are, why they are important and popular in Turkish culture, and how you can enjoy and appreciate them.

manıler

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What are manıler and how are they composed?

The definition and origin of manıler

Manı is a Turkish word that derives from the Persian word mani, which means "poem" or "verse". Manıler are folk poems that consist of four lines, each with seven or eight syllables. The first two lines rhyme with each other, while the last two lines rhyme with each other. The rhyme scheme is aaxa. For example:

Kara kedi kara taşta, Kara gözlüm ara sırada, Bir haber sal da göreyim, Seni seven deli başta.

This mani can be translated as:

Black cat on a black stone, My black-eyed love once in a while, Send me a message so I can see, The one who loves you is crazy at heart.

Manıler have a long history that dates back to the pre-Islamic Turkic tribes in Central Asia. They were influenced by various cultures and languages, such as Persian, Arabic, Mongolian, Greek, Armenian, Kurdish, and Balkan. They were also adapted to different regions and dialects in Turkey, such as Anatolia, Thrace, Aegean, Black Sea, Mediterranean, Eastern, Southeastern, and Central. Today, there are thousands of manıler that reflect the diversity and richness of Turkish culture.

Mani örnekleri ve anlamları

Mani yazma teknikleri ve ipuçları

Mani söyleyen sanatçılar ve şarkıları

Mani yarışmaları ve ödülleri

Mani türleri ve özellikleri

Mani kültürü ve tarihi

Mani antolojileri ve kitapları

Mani derlemeleri ve kaynakları

Mani öğretimi ve eğitimi

Mani analizi ve yorumu

Yöresel maniler ve farklılıkları

Aşk manileri ve duyguları

Komik maniler ve esprileri

Sitemli maniler ve mesajları

Övgü manileri ve beğenileri

Ayrılık manileri ve özlemleri

Gelin manileri ve gelinlikleri

Kaynana manileri ve kaynanaları

Görümce manileri ve görümceleri

Asker manileri ve askerlikleri

Gurbetlik manileri ve gurbetçileri

Havalı maniler ve havaları

İğneleyici maniler ve iğneleri

İmalı maniler ve imaları

Kabadayılık manileri ve kabadayıları

Kızlara maniler ve kızları

Erkeklere maniler ve erkekleri

Köy manileri ve köyleri

Şehir manileri ve şehirleri

Bayram manileri ve bayramları

Ramazan manileri ve ramazanları

Dualı maniler ve duaları

Beddua maniler ve bedduaları

Alaycı maniler ve alayları

Amatörce maniler ve amatörleri

Azerbaycan manileri ve Azerbaycanlıları

Kuzey Kıbrıs manileri ve Kuzey Kıbrıslıları

Mektup manileri ve mektupları

Nasihatçi maniler ve nasihatları

Okul manileri ve okulları

The structure and rhyme scheme of manıler

As mentioned before, manıler have a simple structure of four lines with seven or eight syllables each. The syllables are counted according to the vowel sounds, not the consonants. For example:

Ka-ra ke-di ka-ra taş-ta (8 syllables) Ka-ra göz-lüm a-ra sı-ra-da (8 syllables) Bir ha-ber sal da gö-re-yim (7 syllables) Se-ni se-ven de-li baş-ta (7 syllables)

The rhyme scheme is aaxa, which means that the first two lines rhyme with each other, while the last two lines rhyme with each other. The rhyme is based on the last vowel sound of each line. For example:

Kara kedi kara taşta (a) Kara gözlüm ara sırada (a) Bir haber sal da göreyim (x) Seni seven deli başta (a)

Sometimes, the rhyme scheme can be abab or abba, depending on the region or the preference of the poet. For example:

Gel beraber gidelim (a) Dağlara çıkalım (b) Orada bir yuva yapalım (a) Güzelce yaşayalım (b)

This mani can be translated as:

Let's go together (a) Let's climb the mountains (b) Let's make a nest there (a) Let's live nicely (b)

The themes and tones of manıler

Manıler cover a wide range of themes and tones, such as love, nature, humor, satire, politics, religion, morality, death, and so on. They often reflect the feelings, thoughts, wishes, jokes, or criticisms of the poet or the speaker. They can be romantic, funny, sarcastic, ironic, witty, or poignant. For example:

Seni sevmeyen ölsün (a) // Let the one who doesn't love you die Beni sevmeyen kalsın (a) // Let the one who doesn't love me stay Ölüm varsa biz ölelim (x) // If there is death, let us die Sevgimizden kim ne yapsın? (a) // Who cares about our love?

This mani is a romantic and defiant expression of love that challenges the opposition of others.

Bir kızım olsun isterim (a) // I wish I had a daughter Adını da Fatma koyayım (a) // I would name her Fatma Fatma'yı da veremem kimseye (x) // I wouldn't give Fatma to anyone Kendim alayım kendim soyayım (a) // I would take her myself and peel her myself

This mani is a humorous and absurd exaggeration of paternal love that plays with the double meaning of the word soy, which can mean "peel" or "undress".

Bir zamanlar bir padişah (a) // Once upon a time there was a sultan Halkına çok zulüm yapar (b) // He oppressed his people a lot Halk da ondan bıkar usanır (a) // The people got tired and fed up with him Devrim yapar başını keser (b) // They made a revolution and cut off his head

This mani is a satirical and political commentary on the fate of tyrannical rulers.

Why are manıler important and popular in Turkish culture?

The role of manıler in social occasions and festivals

Manıler are not only poems, but also songs that are sung or recited in various social occasions and festivals. They are often accompanied by musical instruments, such as saz, bağlama, kaval, zurna, davul, or ney. They are also performed in different styles and forms, such as tekerleme, atışma, karşılama, düzenleme, or yarışma. Some of the common occasions and festivals where manıler are used are:

• Newroz: The celebration of the spring equinox and the beginning of the new year in Turkish culture. Manıler are sung to welcome the spring and express joy and hope.

• Hıdrellez: The celebration of the arrival of summer and the meeting of the prophets Hızır and İlyas. Manıler are sung to wish for health, happiness, and prosperity.

• Ramazan: The holy month of fasting and prayer in Islam. Manıler are sung by children who go from door to door to collect candy and money.

• Bayram: The religious festivals that mark the end of Ramazan or the pilgrimage to Mecca. Manıler are sung to greet and congratulate each other.

• Düğün: The wedding ceremony and celebration in Turkish culture. Manıler are sung to praise and tease the bride and groom.

• Aşure: The day that commemorates various historical and religious events in Islam. Manıler are sung to share and enjoy a special dessert made of various ingredients.

The expression of emotions and opinions through manıler

Manıler are also also a way of expressing emotions and opinions through poetry and music. They can convey love, admiration, longing, jealousy, anger, sadness, happiness, or any other feeling that the poet or the speaker wants to share. They can also communicate ideas, beliefs, values, criticisms, or jokes that the poet or the speaker wants to make. For example:

Seni sevdim seveli (a) // I loved you since I loved you Başım döndü döneli (a) // My head has been spinning since then Seni bırakmam elden (x) // I won't let you go from my hand Ne gelirse gelsin benden (a) // Whatever comes, let it come from me

This mani is a passionate and loyal declaration of love that shows the willingness to sacrifice for the beloved.

Bir yıl oldu yılbaşı (a) // It's been a year since New Year Zam geldi zam geçti (b) // Prices went up and down Halkın cebi delik deşik (a) // The people's pockets are full of holes Hükümet ne yaptı? (b) // What did the government do?

This mani is a sarcastic and critical question of the government's performance and the economic situation.

The preservation and transmission of folk wisdom and values through manıler

Manıler are also a means of preserving and transmitting folk wisdom and values through generations. They often contain proverbs, sayings, riddles, advice, or moral lessons that reflect the common sense and experience of the Turkish people. They also embody the cultural identity and heritage of the Turkish people, such as their customs, traditions, beliefs, myths, legends, heroes, or historical events. For example:

Akıl akıldan üstündür (a) // Wisdom is superior to wisdom Birlikten kuvvet doğar (b) // Strength comes from unity Yalnız başına yaşayan (a) // The one who lives alone Kurt kapar bir gün onu (b) // The wolf will get him one day

This mani is a wise and practical advice that emphasizes the importance of cooperation and solidarity.

Keloğlan keloğlan (a) // Bald boy bald boy Saçın nerede keloğlan? (a) // Where is your hair bald boy? Saçım yok ama aklım var (x) // I have no hair but I have wit Senin gibi mal değilim (a) // I'm not a fool like you

This mani is a humorous and clever response that refers to the famous folk tale character Keloğlan, who is bald but smart.

How can you enjoy and appreciate manıler?

The sources and examples of manıler

If you want to enjoy and appreciate manıler, you can find many sources and examples of them online or offline. You can search for websites, blogs, videos, podcasts, books, magazines, or newspapers that feature manıler. You can also listen to songs, albums, radio programs, or concerts that include manıler. You can also watch movies, shows, documentaries, or plays that depict manıler. Some of the popular sources and examples of manıler are:

• : A website that collects and categorizes thousands of manıler from different regions and themes.

• : A YouTube channel that presents various manıler and folk songs with lyrics and translations.

• : A book by Mehmet Özçay that introduces the history and culture of Turkey through manıler.

• : A magazine by Yavuz Bahadıroğlu that publishes original and classic manıler on various topics.

• : A movie by Yüksel Aksu that tells the story of a young couple who communicate through manıler.

The tips and tricks for writing your own manıler

If you want to write your own manıler, you can follow some tips and tricks that will help you create catchy and creative poems. Here are some of them:

• Choose a theme and a tone that you want to write about. It can be anything that inspires you, such as love, nature, humor, satire, politics, religion, morality, death, and so on. It can also be something that you want to express, such as your feelings, thoughts, wishes, jokes, or criticisms.

• Think of words that rhyme with each other and have seven or eight syllables. You can use a dictionary, a thesaurus, or a rhyme generator to help you find suitable words. You can also use words from different languages or dialects that rhyme with Turkish words.

• Write the first two lines that rhyme with each other and introduce your theme and tone. You can use a question, a statement, a comparison, a contrast, a metaphor, a simile, or any other literary device to make your lines interesting and engaging.

• Write the last two lines that rhyme with each other and conclude your theme and tone. You can use an answer, a comment, a suggestion, a warning, a compliment, an insult, a surprise, or any other rhetorical device to make your lines memorable and impactful.

• Check your mani for spelling, grammar, punctuation, and syllable count. You can use an online tool or a friend to help you proofread and edit your mani. You can also read your mani aloud or sing it to check how it sounds and flows.

The benefits and challenges of learning and reciting manıler

If you want to learn and recite manıler, you can enjoy many benefits and overcome some challenges. Some of the benefits are:

• You can improve your Turkish language skills, such as vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and fluency.

• You can enhance your creativity, imagination, and memory by composing and memorizing manıler.

• You can learn more about the history and culture of Turkey by exploring the themes and values of manıler.

• You can have fun and entertainment by singing and listening to manıler.

• You can make friends and connections by sharing and exchanging manıler with others.

Some of the challenges are:

• You may find it difficult to find rhyming words or follow the syllable count of manıler.

• You may encounter unfamiliar words or expressions in manıler that require explanation or translation.

• You may face cultural or linguistic barriers when trying to understand or appreciate the humor or satire of manıler.

• You may need to practice and rehearse your mani before performing it in front of others.

• You may receive criticism or feedback from others who may have different opinions or tastes about your mani.

Conclusion

Manıler are an art form that combines poetry and music in a simple but elegant way. They are part of the Turkish oral tradition that has been passed down for centuries. They reflect the diversity and richness of Turkish culture and people. They are used to express emotions and opinions in various social occasions and festivals. They are also a source of enjoyment and appreciation for anyone who wants to learn more about Turkey. Manıler are not only poems, but also songs that touch the hearts and minds of listeners and speakers alike.

FAQs

What is the difference between mani and şiir?

Mani and şiir are both Turkish words for poem, but they have different meanings and characteristics. Mani is a folk poem that has four lines with seven or eight syllables each and a rhyme scheme of aaxa. Şiir is a literary poem that can have any number of lines with any number of syllables each and any rhyme scheme or no rhyme scheme at all. Mani is usually sung or recited in social occasions and festivals, while şiir is usually read or written in books or magazines.

What are some famous examples of manıler?

Some famous examples of manıler are:

Güzel bir kız buldum (a) // I found a beautiful girl Adını da koydum (a) // I named her too Koydum da pişman oldum (x) // I regretted naming her Adını da Zeynep koydum (a) // I named her Zeynep

This mani is a humorous play on words that uses the name Zeynep as both a girl's name and a verb meaning "to regret".

Gözlerin gözlerime değince (a) // When your eyes meet mine Felaketim olurdu yarim (a) // You would be my disaster, my love Seni sevmek neymiş bir bilsen (x) // If you only knew what it means to love you Bir ömür boyu sürer derdim (a) // My pain would last a lifetime

This mani is a romantic and tragic expression of love that shows the intensity and suffering of the lover.

Kapı önünde dikenli gül (a) // A thorny rose at the door Dikeni batmaz gülünü al (a) // Take the rose, the thorn won't hurt Güzel sevmeyi bilenin el (x) // The hand of the one who knows how to love well Yanaklarından öpülmeli (a) // Should be kissed from the cheeks

This mani is a witty and flirty invitation to love that uses the metaphor of a rose and a thorn.

How can I learn more about manıler?

If you want to learn more about manıler, you can do some research online or offline. You can read articles, books, or blogs that explain the history, culture, and structure of manıler. You can also watch videos, podcasts, or documentaries that feature interviews, performances, or stories of manıler. You can also join online or offline communities, groups, or clubs that share, discuss, or teach manıler. You can also attend events, workshops, or courses that offer opportunities to learn, practice, or enjoy manıler.

What are some common mistakes to avoid when writing or reciting manıler?

Some common mistakes to avoid when writing or reciting manıler are:

• Mixing up the rhyme scheme or the syllable count of manıler. For example, writing aaxb instead of aaxa, or writing six syllables instead of seven or eight.

• Using words that do not rhyme well or sound awkward in manıler. For example, using words that have different vowel sounds or stress patterns.

• Repeating words or phrases that have already been used in manıler. For example, using the same rhyme word in different lines.

• Writing or reciting manıler that are offensive, inappropriate, or disrespectful to others. For example, using vulgar, racist, sexist, or hateful language.

• Forgetting or mispronouncing words or lines when reciting manıler. For example, skipping a word or saying a wrong word.

What are some benefits of writing or reciting manıler in English?

Some benefits of writing or reciting manıler in English are:

• You can improve your English language skills, such as vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and fluency.

• You can challenge your creativity, imagination, and memory by composing and memorizing manıler in English.

• You can introduce and share Turkish culture and values with English speakers by translating and explaining manıler in English.

• You can have fun and entertainment by singing and listening to manıler in English.

• You can make friends and connections by sharing and exchanging manıler in English with others.

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